Changes in Musculature
A generalized withering of all muscles is normal in later years accompanied by a replacement of some muscle tissue by fat deposits. This results in some loss of muscle tone and strength. Some specific implications are:
- reduced ability to breathe deeply
- reduced gastrointestinal activity which can lead to constipation
- bladder incontinence, particularly in women
Although everyone experiences these changes to some degree, regular physical exercise appears to temper the extent of these changes. However, if a person has some type of disability their ability to exercise and remain active is limited. Tendencies to gain excessive weight and be inactive cause the person with a disability to have accelerated and significant problems in later years with their muscle mass. Muscles, bones and joints become strained over time, making it more difficult to handle the stress and weight of the person's body.
In addition, individuals who use manual wheelchairs or mobility aids are much more likely to experience pain in arms and shoulder. About half the individuals who use wheelchairs experience problems with the rotator cuff more significantly between the age of 50 and 60. This problem is caused by extensive use in the arms and shoulders for propelling the wheelchair as well as transfers. Another common problem associated with wheelchair use is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
Uatpat.org - The Utah Assistive Technology Program is designed to help you know what assistive technology is available, how to get funding for assistive technology, and to provide you with links and resources.