The Outward Signs of Aging
The most common external signs of aging
involve the skin, hair, and nails.
Skin:
Over time, the skin loses underlying
fat layers and oil glands, causing wrinkles and reduced elasticity. Other
contributing factors are nutrition, exposure to the sun, heredity, and
hormones. With these changes comes an increased sensitivity to cold (hypothermia),
bruising, and bedsores.
The ability to perspire is lessened because sweat glands are shrinking,
making the individual more susceptible to heat (hyperthermia). In addition,
the skin develops "age spots" due to deposits of melanin pigment.
Individuals with mobility impairments for example have greater risk of
skin-related problems. Those who are paralyzed and have lost feeling to
different parts of their body must increase their vigilance to avoid pressure
sores. Lack of blood flow in the skin is always a concern and precursor
to skin breakdown and decubitus ulcers. As individuals age, this problem
becomes more serious.
Hair:
The hair loses its pigmentation
and turns gray. Thinning or hair loss is a part
of the aging process too.
Nails:
The nails become thicker due to
reduced blood flow to the connective tissues.
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